is moldova a slavic country

(1) din Constituie n corelaie cu Preambulul Constituiei i Declaraia de Independen a Republicii Moldova (Sesizrile nr. Economic activity grew cumulatively by about 24 percent; consumer price inflation was brought under control; and real wages increased cumulatively by about 13 percent. This article is about the modern state. Television in Moldova was introduced in April 1958, within the framework of Soviet television. [104], On 24 May 2022, the former president of Moldova, Igor Dodon, was arrested. The heaviest rainfall occurs in early summer and again in October; heavy showers and thunderstorms are common. The most successful football club is Sheriff Tiraspol, the first and only Moldovan club to qualify for the group stage of the Champions League and the Europa League. The Romanian majority living there is of course latin. On 7 June, the Constitutional Court, which is largely believed to be controlled by Vladimir Plahotniuc[83] from the Democratic Party, announced that they had temporarily removed the sitting president, Igor Dodon, from power due to his inability to call new parliamentary elections as the parliament did not form a coalition within three months of the validation of the election results. The western border of Moldova is formed by the Prut river, which joins the Danube before flowing into the Black Sea. DAN MORAR/SHUTTERSTOCK. Moldova has 66 cities (towns), including 13 with municipality status, and 916 communes. Most of Moldova's Jewish population emigrated between 1979 and 2004. All independent organizations were severely reprimanded, with the National Patriotic Front leaders being sentenced in 1972 to long prison terms. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for College Slavic Treasures University of Kansas KU Jayhawks Diner Village Figurine at the best online prices at eBay! [206] Likewise, more than half of preschool children in Moldova benefit from Romania funded program to renovate and equip kindergartens. Moldova has a climate which is moderately continental; its proximity to the Black Sea leads to the climate being mildly cold in the autumn and winter and relatively cool in the spring and summer.[138]. Moldova's dependence on Russian energy is underscored by a growing US$5 billion debt to Russian natural gas supplier Gazprom, largely the result of unreimbursed natural gas consumption in the separatist Transnistria region. Also, for the first time, the population had the option to identify as "Transnistrian". [187], The official language of Moldova is Romanian, a Romance language. [123], Moldova signed the Association Agreement with the European Union in Brussels on 27 June 2014. While most of the country is hilly, elevations never exceed 430m (1,411ft) the highest point being the Blneti Hill. [52][53] The newly Soviet Russia did not recognize Romanian rule over Bessarabia, considering it an occupation of Russian territory. The Principality of Moldavia began when a Vlach voivode (military leader), Drago, arrived in the region of the Moldova River. strategic position at the crossroads between Europe and Asia; second-largest country in Europe after Russia People and Society Population 43,528,136 (2022 est.) On 21 December of the same year, Moldova, along with most of the other Soviet republics, signed the constitutive act that formed the post-Soviet Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). As of 2016, Moldova's population was slightly above 4 million people. 40,592 of them perished.[57]. Moldova largely achieved the main objectives of the combined ECF/EFF (IMF financial credit) supported program. Flights were banned to Spain, Italy, France, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Cyprus, Germany, Ireland, the U.K., Poland, Portugal and Romania. The head of state is the President of Moldova, who between 2001 and 2015 was elected by the Moldovan Parliament, requiring the support of three-fifths of the deputies (at least 61 votes). For a short time in the 1990s, at the founding of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the name of the current Republic of Moldova was also spelled Moldavia. Crossing the Carpathian mountains in 1359, the voivode took control of Moldavia and succeeded in creating Moldavia as an independent political entity. Then Zdob i Zdub again represented Moldova in the 2011 Eurovision Song Contest finishing 12th. The NDSMoldova (National Development System) 2020, which was published in November 2012, focuses on several critical areas to boost economic development and reduce poverty. Three months later, on 2 March 1992, the country gained formal recognition as an independent state at the United Nations. In February 1918, it declared independence and then integrated into Romania later that year following a vote of its assembly. The group is still active and released their latest album in 2017. [227], Most retail businesses close on New Year's Day and Independence Day, but remain open on all other holidays. The former prime minister, Pavel Filip from the Democratic Party, said that new parliamentary elections would be held on 6 September and refused to recognize the new coalition, calling it an illegal government. Moldova experienced better than expected economic growth in 2013 due to increased agriculture production, to economic policies adopted by the Moldovan government since 2009, and to the receipt of EU trade preferences connecting Moldovan products to the world's largest market. Among most prominent classical musicians in Moldova are Maria Bieu, one of the leading world's sopranos and the winner of the Japan International Competition; pianist Mark Zeltser, winner of the USSR National Competition, Long-Thibaud-Crespin Competition in Paris and Busoni Competition in Bolzano, Italy. Officially known as the Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic (PMR), Transdniestria is technically part of Moldova. [150], After the breakup of the USSR in 1991, energy shortages, political uncertainty, trade obstacles and weak administrative capacity contributed to the decline of Moldova's economy. The court is invested with the power of judicial review over all acts of parliament, over presidential decrees, and over international treaties signed by the country.[110]. These efforts have helped maintain macroeconomic and financial stability under difficult external circumstances, enabled the resumption of economic growth and contributed to establishing an environment conducive to the economy's further growth and development in the medium term. The country acceded to the provisions of the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in October 1994 in Washington, D.C. The sole international air gateway of Moldova is the Chiinu International Airport. His people from the voivodeship at Maramure soon followed. In 2000, the Constitution was amended, transforming Moldova into a parliamentary republic, with the president being chosen through indirect election rather than direct popular vote. [64] After the failure of the 1991 Soviet coup d'tat attempt, Moldova declared its independence on 27 August 1991. The largest city in Moldova is Chiinu with a population of 635,994 people. Around 80% of the Moldovan population speak Moldovan as their first language. Main dishes include beef, pork, potatoes, cabbage, and a variety of cereals. [224], Moldovan cuisine is similar to neighbouring Romania, and has been influenced by elements of Russian, Turkish, and Ukrainian cuisine. After the failure of the Tatarbunary Uprising in 1924, the Moldavian Autonomous Region, created earlier in the Transnistria region, was elevated to an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the Ukrainian SSR. Traditional Moldovan dishes include plcinte (sweet and savoury pastries with fillings such as local cheese, cabbage, potatoes, apples, sour cherries and others), mmlig, sarmale, and a chicken soup called zeam. [58], In the postwar period, the Soviet government organized the immigration of working age Russian speakers (mostly Russians, Belarusians, and Ukrainians), into the new Soviet republic, especially into urbanized areas, partly to compensate for the demographic loss caused by the war and the emigration of 1940 and 1944. [87], In March 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the government called a "national red code alert" as the number of coronavirus cases in the country rose to six on 13 March 2020. [61] In the 1970s and 1980s, the Moldavian SSR received substantial allocations from the budget of the USSR to develop industrial and scientific facilities and housing. Comrat is the administrative centre of Gagauzia. [43] During this time there were anti-Semitic riots, leading to an exodus of thousands of Jews to the United States.[44]. The independence of the Principality of Moldavia came when Bogdan I, another Vlach voivode from Maramure who had fallen out with the Hungarian king, crossed the Carpathian mountains in 1359 and took control of Moldavia, wresting the region from Hungary. After 1828 this autonomy was progressively restricted and in 1871 the Oblast was transformed into the Bessarabia Governorate, in a process of state-imposed assimilation, Russification. With few natural energy resources, Moldova imports almost all of its energy supplies from Russia and Ukraine. . In 1994, Moldova became a member of NATO's Partnership for Peace program, and a member of the Council of Europe on 29 June 1995. Slavic is a group of Indo-European Languages divided into 3 sub groups ( East Slavic , West Slavic and South Slavic ) . The Moldavian SSR . Between 2 March and 26 July 1992, the conflict escalated into a military engagement. 24 January]1918 and requested the assistance of the French army present in Romania (general Henri Berthelot) and of the Romanian Army. The Slavs speak mainly Indo-European Slavic Language. [94] Parliamentary elections took place on 11 July 2021. The country is landlocked, though it is close to the Black Sea; at its closest point it is separated from the Dniester Liman, an estuary of the Black Sea, by only 3km of Ukrainian territory. Another 700 villages are too small to have a separate administration and are administratively part of either cities (41 of them) or communes (659). Moldova is a small country nestled between Romania and Ukraine. While the region of Transnistria was never politically part of the Principality of Moldavia, there were sizable areas which were owned by Moldavian boyars or the Moldavian rulers. [23] After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the country began to use the Romanian name, Moldova. Moldova is the second poorest country in Europe by GDP per official capita after Ukraine and much of its GDP is dominated by the service sector. Carpian tribes also inhabited Moldova's territory in the period of classical antiquity. Another popular band from Moldova is Zdob i Zdub that represented the country in the 2005 Eurovision Song Contest, finishing sixth, also in 2021, with a similar result. Its territory comprised the present-day territory of the Republic of Moldova, the eastern eight counties of Romania, and parts of the Chernivtsi Oblast and Budjak region of present-day Ukraine. The 1994 constitution also establishes an independent Constitutional Court, composed of six judges (two appointed by the President, two by Parliament, and two by the Supreme Council of Magistrature), serving six-year terms, during which they are irremovable and not subordinate to any power. There are 16 state and 15[201] private institutions of higher education in Moldova, with a total of 126,100 students, including 104,300 in the state institutions and 21,700 in the private ones. In October 1939, Radio Basarabia, a local station of the Romanian Radio Broadcasting Company, was the first radio station opened in Chiinu. Moldavia finally returned to Ottoman vassalage in 1621. **If counted as European countries rather than Asian countries, the transcontinental countries Azerbaijan ($4,214) and Armenia ($4,268) would also appear on the above list. Slavic languages had a big impact on . ", "Pro-Russia candidate Igor Dodon to win Moldova presidential election | DW | 13 November 2016", "Moldova Faces Turmoil as Court Outlaws New Govt", "A Constitutional Crisis in Moldova Produces an Unexpected Alliance", "Moldova Had Two Governments. In 2013 more than 60% of schoolchildren took it as their first foreign language. Guvernul a fost nvestit n funcie cu 61 de voturi", "Criz politic n Republica Moldova. [67], On 2 January 1992, Moldova introduced a market economy, liberalizing prices, which resulted in rapid inflation. Association football is the most popular team sport in Moldova. With a per capita GNI of $3,540, Ukraine is the poorest country in Europe as of 2020. [78] The large scale of the fraud compared to the size of the Moldovan economy is cited as tilting the country's politics in favour of the pro-Russian Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova. During the 1917 Russian Revolution, Bessarabia briefly became an autonomous state within the Russian Republic. [148], Another animal which was extinct in Moldova since the 18th century until recently was the European Wood Bison or wisent. when Bulgaro-Kutrigur and Serbo-Croatian South Slavs settled in Moldova. It has a vineyard area of 147,000 hectares (360,000 acres), of which 102,500ha (253,000 acres) are used for commercial production. 10 other cities, including Comrat and Tiraspol, the administrative seats of the two autonomous territories, also have municipality status. During the periods 1812-1917 and 194489, Moldovans were influenced by Russian and Soviet administrative control as well and by ethnic Russian immigration.[222]. Its capital city is Chiinu, located in the south-central part of the country. But, says Eastern Europe scholar. The decision was disputed by Soviet Russia, which in 1924 established, within the Ukrainian SSR, a so-called Moldavian autonomous republic on partially Moldovan-inhabited territories to the east of Bessarabia. They are supposed to serve there as peacekeepers. [208], The CIA World Factbook lists widespread crime and underground economic activity among major issues in Moldova. [46] A part of the interim Parliament agreed to drop these conditions after Bukovina and Transylvania also joined the Kingdom of Romania, although historians note that they lacked the quorum to do so.[47][48][49][50][51]. World War I brought in a rise in political and cultural (ethnic) awareness among the inhabitants of the region, as 300,000 Bessarabians were drafted into the Russian Army formed in 1917; within bigger units several "Moldavian Soldiers' Committees" were formed. SunStroke Project featured again in the 2017 Eurovision entry "Hey Mama" which got third place.[230]. [96] On 6 August 2021, the Natalia Gavrilia-led cabinet was sworn in to office with 61 votes, all from the Party of Action and Solidarity (PAS). The highest temperature ever recorded in Moldova was 41.5C (106.7F) on 21 July 2007 in Camenca. Locals referred to the principality as Moldova - like the present-day republic and Romania's north-eastern region. [114], In September 2010, the European Parliament approved a grant of 90 million to Moldova. Romanian forces, working with the Germans, deported or massacred about 300,000 Jews[citation needed], including 147,000 from Bessarabia and Bukovina. In 2010, Oldowan flint tools were discovered at Bayraki that are 800,0001.2 million years old. Moldova remains highly vulnerable to fluctuations in remittances from workers abroad (which constitute 24 percent of GDP), exports to the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and European Union (EU) (88 per cent of total exports), and donor support (about 10 per cent of government spending). In agriculture, the economic reform started with the land cadastre reform. Over the 19th century, the Russian authorities encouraged the colonization of Bessarabia or parts of it by Russians, Ukrainians, Germans, Bulgarians, Poles, and Gagauzes, primarily in the northern and southern areas vacated by Turks and Nogais, the latter having been expelled in the 1770s and 1780s, during the Russo-Turkish Wars;[d][38][37][39][40] the inclusion of the province in the Pale of Settlement also allowed the immigration of more Bessarabian Jews. The first democratic elections for the local parliament were held in February and March 1990. The influence of Romania's Slavic neighbors on the language continued. The number of mobile telephone users in Moldova increased by 47.3% in the first quarter of 2008 against the last year and exceeded 2.89 million. It is an interesting process. [166] Moldova is a partner country of the EU INOGATE energy programme, which has four key topics: enhancing energy security, convergence of member state energy markets on the basis of EU internal energy market principles, supporting sustainable energy development, and attracting investment for energy projects of common and regional interest. Moldovans, sometimes referred to as Moldavians ( Romanian: moldoveni [moldoven], Moldovan Cyrillic: ), is a term used to describe the Romanian-speaking indigenous people of the Republic of Moldova and the largest self-declared ethnic group of the Republic of Moldova (75.1% of the population as of 2014) as well as a significant minority As part of this process, the Tsarist administration in Bessarabia gradually removed the Moldavian language from official and religious use.[36]. Moldova is a little land-locked country squeezed in between Northern Romania and Southern Ukraine with 2,6 million inhabitants. The country became the first post-Soviet state where a non-reformed Communist Party returned to power. In November 2013, Moldova initialed an Association Agreement with the EU which includes provisions establishing a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA). Despite a small contraction in 2012, Moldova's economic performance was among the strongest in the region during 201013. The theme of the musical group is "Anonymous" as they perform with painted faces, hoodies and sunglasses. Radu Albot is one of the most successful Moldovan tennis players, with ATP singles (2019 Delray Beach Open) and doubles (2015 Istanbul Open) titles. Moldova is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. 8 December]1917). [74] On 30 December 2010, Marian Lupu was elected as the Speaker of the Parliament and the acting President of the Republic of Moldova. The states made up of the Slavs account for about 50% of the territory of Europe. In the 19th century, Moldavians from the territories of the medieval Principality of Moldavia, divided into Bessarabia, Bukovina, and Western Moldavia (after 1859, Romania), made a significant contribution to the formation of the modern Romanian culture. [174], As of 2010[update], there are around 1,295,000 Internet users in Moldova with overall Internet penetration of 35.9%. Dodon, leader of Moldova's main pro-Russian opposition, the Socialist Party, was accused of taking bribes. [217] There are about 264 physicians per 100,000 people. The history of what is today Moldova has been intertwined with that of Poland for centuries. Moldova (/mldov/ (listen) mol-DOH-v, sometimes UK: /mldv/ MOL-d-v;[13][14][15] Romanian pronunciation:[moldova]), officially the Republic of Moldova (Romanian: Republica Moldova), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. The traditional Latin origins of Romanian culture reach back to the 2nd century, the period of Roman colonization in Dacia.. During the centuries following the Roman withdrawal in 271, the population of the region . The 1989 Language Law of the Moldavian SSR, which is still in effect in Moldova, according to the Constitution, asserts a "linguistic Moldo-Romanian identity". Produsul intern brut n anul 2012, date actualizate, Produsul intern brut n Republica Moldova n anul 2013, date actualizate, Economia Moldovei a nregistrat o crestere de 4,6%, n 2014, i constituie 111 miliarde de lei, "Economia Republicii Moldova, n SCDERE n 2015; Ultimele cifre de la Statistic", "BNS: Economia Republicii Moldova a crescut cu 4,5% n anul 2017", "Salariului mediu lunar pe economie in anul 2018 este de 6150 lei / Editorial / Monitorul fiscal FISC.md", "INS: Salariul mediu pe economie, n cretere n iunie", " 2018 ! On 23 December 1994, the Parliament of Moldova adopted a "Law on the Special Legal Status of Gagauzia", and in 1995, the latter was constituted. In the April 2009 parliamentary elections, the Communist Party won 49.48% of the votes, followed by the Liberal Party with 13.14% of the votes, the Liberal Democratic Party with 12.43%, and the Alliance "Moldova Noastr" with 9.77%. 20 February Sandwiched between Romania and Ukraine, Moldova emerged as an independent republic following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. As of 1 January 2016, the population of Republic of Moldova was estimated to be 4,067,485 people. Many families have their own recipes and grape varieties that have been passed down through the generations. [33] Nonetheless, the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth continued to strongly influence Moldavia both through national politics as well as on the local level through significant intermarriage between Moldavian nobility and the Polish szlachta. It is home to three terrestrial ecoregions: Central European mixed forests, East European forest steppe, and Pontic steppe. In the field of pop music, Moldova has produced the band O-Zone, who came to prominence in 2003, with their hit song "Dragostea Din Tei", which topped multiple notable single charts. Furthermore, no revision can be made to limit the fundamental rights of people enumerated in the Constitution. [citation needed] Infotag is the state news agency. [211], The total fertility rate (TFR) in Moldova was estimated in 2015 at 1.56 children/woman,[213] which is below the replacement rate of 2.1. [193], In 2013, the Constitutional Court of Moldova ruled that the name "Romanian", as used in the Declaration of Independence to identify the official language, prevails over the name "Moldovan", given in Article 13 of the Constitution.[194]. Ruxandra Lupu, the daughter of Moldavian voivode Vasile Lupu who married Tymish Khmelnytsky, lived in Racov according to Ukrainian tradition. [216], Public expenditure on health was 4.2% of the GDP and private expenditure on health 3.2%. [e] The Moldavian proportion of the population decreased from an estimated 86% in 1816,[42] to around 52% in 1905. Montenegro - $7,686. The Jewish minority was more numerous in the past (228,620Jews in Bessarabia in 1897, or 11.8% of the population). Moldova has been an official candidate for membership in the European Union since June 2022. Moldova has access to the Danube for only about 480m (1,575ft), and Giurgiuleti is the only Moldovan port on the Danube. Under Stephen I, growing Polish influence was challenged by Sigismund of Hungary, whose expedition was defeated at Ghindoani in 1385; however, Stephen disappeared in mysterious circumstances. "[133] Moldova "has made noteworthy progress on religious freedom since the era of the Soviet Union, but it can still take further steps to foster diversity," said the UN Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief Heiner Bielefeldt, in Chiinu, in September 2011. Russian was used in relations with citizens from other parts of the Soviet Union. Like Poland, the country has seen its population decline since the fall of communism. Romania's border is shared with other five European countries: Serbia, Bulgaria, Hungary, Moldova, and Ukraine. Nicolae Juravschi represented the Soviet Union at the 1988 Seoul Games, winning two medals. [173], In September 2009, Moldova was the first country in the world to launch high-definition voice services (HD voice) for mobile phones, and the first country in Europe to launch 14.4 Mbit/s mobile broadband on a national scale, with over 40% population coverage. v. t. e. The official state language of Moldova is Romanian which is the native language of 82.2% of the population; it is also spoken as a primary language by other ethnic minorities. In 1940, as a consequence of the MolotovRibbentrop Pact, Romania was compelled to cede Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to the Soviet Union, leading to the creation of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (Moldavian SSR). In chess, the Republic of Moldova has several international masters, among which can be mentioned Viorel Iordchescu, Dmitry Svetushkin, and Viorel Bologan. Lacu also accepted conversion to Roman Catholicism around 1370, but his gesture was to remain without consequences. Due to its strategic location on a route between Asia and Europe, the territory of modern Moldova experienced many invasions in late antiquity and the Early Middle Ages, notably by Goths, Huns, Avars, Bulgars, Magyars, Pechenegs, Cumans, Mongols and Tatars. In the 11th century, a Viking by the name of Rodfos was possibly killed in the area by the Blakumen who betrayed him. Despite the hardships and deprivations the national team are ranked 34th in the world. These include education, infrastructure, financial sector, business climate, energy consumption, pension system, and judicial framework. The country's only post-Soviet president, . The dog's name, given to the river, extended to the principality.[22]. It does not have nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological weapons. 1. The ethnic groups in Moldova include Moldovan (75.1%), Romania (7%), Ukrainian (6.6%), Gagauz (4.6%), Russian (4.1%), and others (3.22%). The assembly pressured the authorities of the Moldavian SSR to adopt a language law on 31 August 1989 that proclaimed the Moldovan language written in the Latin script to be the state language of the MSSR. 6 Moldova is a parliamentary representative democratic republic and its official language is Moldovan, a variety of Romanian. The National Library of Moldova was founded in 1832. Post-Soviet . 27 March]1918, the Sfatul rii decided with 86 votes for, 3 against and 36 abstaining, to unite with the Kingdom of Romania. [165] Still, growth has been hampered by high prices for Russian natural gas, a Russian import ban on Moldovan wine, increased foreign scrutiny of Moldovan agricultural products, and by Moldova's large external debt. Since 1996, the Republic of Moldova has been a full member of La Francophonie. Moldova has been participating in the Eurovision Song Contest since 2005. [104] The Russian army has a military base and a large ammunition dump in the region. [211] In two days, loans worth US$1 billion were transferred in to United Kingdom and Hong Kong-registered companies whose ultimate owners are unknown. The species was reintroduced with the arrival of three European bison from Biaowiea Forest in Poland several days before Moldova's Independence Day on 27 August 2005. Following the Russian Revolution of 1917, a Bessarabian parliament, Sfatul rii (a National Council), was elected in OctoberNovember 1917 and opened on December 3[O.S. Moldova is a landlocked country located in Eastern Europe. The culture has been also influenced by the Byzantine culture, the neighbouring Magyar and Slavic populations, and later by the Ottoman Turks. Moldova reported 29 cases of the disease on 17 March 2020. [144], The environment of Moldova suffered extreme degradation during the Soviet period, when industrial and agricultural development proceeded without regard for environmental protection. Its subdivisions in Moldova include the Dniester Hills (Northern Moldavian Hills and Dniester Ridge), the Moldavian Plain (Middle Prut Valley and Bli Steppe), and the Central Moldavian Plateau (Ciuluc-Solone Hills, Corneti HillsCodri Massive, "Codri" meaning "forests"Lower Dniester Hills, Lower Prut Valley, and Tigheci Hills). The Principality of Moldavia was bounded by the Carpathian Mountains in the west, the Dniester River in the east, and the Danube River and Black Sea to the south. A strong Western European influence in Moldovan literature and arts was prevalent in the 19th century. Moldova portal. Resisting pre-election pressures for selective spending increases and returning to the path of fiscal consolidation would reduce reliance on exceptionally high donor support. [118] The first joint meeting of the Governments of Romania and Moldova, held in March 2012, concluded with several bilateral agreements in various fields. The Republic of Moldova is a landlocked country between Romania and Ukraine that covers 13,199 square miles (33,845 square kilometers). [54] Uprisings against Romanian rule took place in 1919 at Khotyn and Bender, but were eventually suppressed by the Romanian Army. His reign was one of the most successful in Moldavia's history. According to the 2014 census preliminary data, 2,998,235 inhabitants lived in Moldova (within the areas controlled by the central government), an 11.3% decrease from the figure recorded at the 2004 census. [149] Moldova is currently interested in expanding their wisent population, and began talks with Belarus in 2019 regarding a bison exchange program between the two countries. methanol boiling point under vacuum,

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